Post by Deleted on Nov 6, 2016 16:03:16 GMT
I found the following lines on Wikipedia:
These fertilized eggs become infectious after two weeks in soil; they can persist in soil for 10 years or more.
The eggs have a lipid layer which makes them resistant to the effects of acids and alkalis, as well as other chemicals.
Ascaris lumbricoides eggs are extremely resistant to strong chemicals, desiccation, and low temperatures.
The eggs may get onto vegetables when improperly processed human feces of infected people are used as fertilizer for food crops. Infection may occur when food is handled without removing or killing the eggs on the hands, clothes, hair, raw vegetables/fruit, or cooked food that is (re)infected by handlers, containers, etc. Bleach does not readily kill A. lumbricoides eggs, but it will remove their sticky film, to allow the eggs to be rinsed away. A. lumbricoides eggs can be reduced by hot composting methods, but to completely kill them may require rubbing alcohol, iodine, specialized chemicals, cooking heat, or "unusually" hot composting (for example, over 50°C / 122°F for 24 hours).
My thoughts:
That quote may as well apply to most parasitic worms that routinely infect humans, and their pets or farm animals, around the world.
So for safety's sake, dessicating toilets, common compost heaps, and composting toilets are out of the formula for "waste" recycling as humanure, unless you can absolutely guarantee everyone who is contributing is parasite-free. Or you have a hands-off handling process from toilet thru a high heat process before the material is used for fertilising or algae food. Note "high heat" is well above the temperatures in methane reactors or compost heaps.
For the small private seastead, 24 hours of heat needs a special energy policy. The cheapest heat source, the sun, won't supply heat in 24 hour batches. And the hands-off approach doesn't guarantee the processor won't need manual disassembly for repairs or unclogging. That said, the typical small boat loo macerator-pump is guaranteed to leak and need periodic disassembly. Some infectious agents may be killed at higher temperatures for shorter times, so you can use the limited time frame of available sunlight to make concentrated continuous heater power for the duration.
A gotcha is that every inside surface of the heater vessel must be up to the killing temperature for the duration, and every molecule of the contents up to the temperature and duration. No slightly cooler pockets, no unheated surface. This is not a problem that can be dealt with by setting a household water heater on high, this will take some understanding and design skills.
It's scary that killing some biological parasites is compared to killing prions, altho relatively mild heat (250F) for some duration does physically break down all known mammal infectious agents.
These fertilized eggs become infectious after two weeks in soil; they can persist in soil for 10 years or more.
The eggs have a lipid layer which makes them resistant to the effects of acids and alkalis, as well as other chemicals.
Ascaris lumbricoides eggs are extremely resistant to strong chemicals, desiccation, and low temperatures.
The eggs may get onto vegetables when improperly processed human feces of infected people are used as fertilizer for food crops. Infection may occur when food is handled without removing or killing the eggs on the hands, clothes, hair, raw vegetables/fruit, or cooked food that is (re)infected by handlers, containers, etc. Bleach does not readily kill A. lumbricoides eggs, but it will remove their sticky film, to allow the eggs to be rinsed away. A. lumbricoides eggs can be reduced by hot composting methods, but to completely kill them may require rubbing alcohol, iodine, specialized chemicals, cooking heat, or "unusually" hot composting (for example, over 50°C / 122°F for 24 hours).
My thoughts:
That quote may as well apply to most parasitic worms that routinely infect humans, and their pets or farm animals, around the world.
So for safety's sake, dessicating toilets, common compost heaps, and composting toilets are out of the formula for "waste" recycling as humanure, unless you can absolutely guarantee everyone who is contributing is parasite-free. Or you have a hands-off handling process from toilet thru a high heat process before the material is used for fertilising or algae food. Note "high heat" is well above the temperatures in methane reactors or compost heaps.
For the small private seastead, 24 hours of heat needs a special energy policy. The cheapest heat source, the sun, won't supply heat in 24 hour batches. And the hands-off approach doesn't guarantee the processor won't need manual disassembly for repairs or unclogging. That said, the typical small boat loo macerator-pump is guaranteed to leak and need periodic disassembly. Some infectious agents may be killed at higher temperatures for shorter times, so you can use the limited time frame of available sunlight to make concentrated continuous heater power for the duration.
A gotcha is that every inside surface of the heater vessel must be up to the killing temperature for the duration, and every molecule of the contents up to the temperature and duration. No slightly cooler pockets, no unheated surface. This is not a problem that can be dealt with by setting a household water heater on high, this will take some understanding and design skills.
It's scary that killing some biological parasites is compared to killing prions, altho relatively mild heat (250F) for some duration does physically break down all known mammal infectious agents.